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Hurdle plays, the flying wedge caused formation of the NCAA
The early days of football in the U.S. were so violent that players were killed playing the game. In 1905, the college season resulted in 18 deaths and 149 serious injuries.
Little wonder. There was no forward pass, no neutral zone between teams, and no limit to how many players could be on the line at once. "Hurdle" plays allowed teams to pick up their ball carriers and launch them over the opposing lines. Mass-momentum plays such as the "flying wedge" of players advanced the ball but frequently caused serious injuries. And there were few limits on what linemen could do to opposing players.
Personal protection equipment was virtually nonexistent. There were no helmets, mouthpieces or face guards, and body pads in use at the time were ineffective.
The game might have been banned had it not been for President Theodore Roosevelt. A Harvard man, former student athlete, and avid football fan, Roosevelt called representatives of Harvard, Yale, and Princeton to the White House. His message was clear: Reform the game or it would be outlawed, possibly by his own executive order. The universities embraced reform and promoted it.
The Intercollegiate Athletic Association of the United States (IAAUS) was formed in 1906. Some rules of the game were instituted, but violence still reigned. In the 1909 season, 33 college players were killed.
The following year, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) was formed. Changes in rules were drastic and immediate. Never again was football in danger of being abolished. By 1919, there were 190 institutions in the NCAA, and the association was directly involved in 11 sports.
Rule changes after 1948 made it possible for schools to provide scholarships and financial aid to student athletes. The Big Ten opposed it initially, but eventually all members approved the legislation which is similar to what we have today.
Football: Romans liked it, English king didn't
Some say the game of football originated with the Romans about the time of Julius Caesar. But the Aztecs, Celts, and a few other groups claim it as well. Apparently, many kinds of people enjoyed knocking each other down in the name of sportsmanship.
The early games weren't much like football as we know it. Kicking a ball made of pigskin can be traced to England and Scotland. The kings of both countries denounced the game for its violence and its tendency to distract young men from archery, riding, and training for other types of warfare.
The game quickly moved from rural play to organized games.
In 1823, an English schoolboy named William Webb grabbed the ball and ran with it, forever changing the game. Rules, however, were loosely construed and decided upon by teams playing an individual game.
In 1876, students from Harvard, Princeton, Yale, and Columbia Universities set rules that allowed the ball to be carried.
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